Blocks

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Blocks are used to create code in Scratch. The blocks connect to each other like a jigsaw puzzle - this prevents syntax errors.

There are eight categories of blocks: Control, Motion, Looks, Sound, Pen, Sensing, Operators and Variables.

1. Block ShapesEdit

There are six block shapes: Hat, Stack, C, Cap, Boolean and Reporter.

Hat blocksEdit

The shape of a Hat Block — The general shape of a Hat block.

Hat blocks are the blocks that start every script. They are shaped with a rounded top and a bump on the bottom - this is so you can only place blocks below them. There are four Hat blocks, and they can all be found in the Control category.

Stack blocksEdit

The general shape of a Stack block.

Stack blocks are the blocks that perform the main commands. They are shaped with a notch at the top and a bump on the bottom - this is so blocks can be placed above and below them. There are 75 Stack blocks, being the most common type of block.

C blocksEdit

The general shape of a C block.

C blocks are blocks that are made up of "C's". Also known as "Wrap blocks", these blocks loop the blocks within the Cs. There are six C blocks, and they can all be found in the Control category.

Cap blocksEdit

The general shape of a Cap block.

Cap blocks are the blocks that stop scripts. They are shaped with a notch at the top and a flat bottom - this is so you cannot place any blocks below them. There are two Cap blocks, and they can both be found in the Control category.

Boolean blocksEdit

The general shape of a Boolean block.

Boolean blocks are the blocks that check if conditions are true or false. Shaped with triangular edges, there are 13 of these blocks.

Reporter blocksEdit

The general shape of a Reporter block.

Reporter blocks are the values. Shaped with rounded edges, there are 26 of these blocks - not counting the infinite amount of variables and lists that can be made.

2. List of BlocksEdit

There are 125 blocks in Scratch.

1. Control BlocksEdit

Scratch 1.4 has the following four Control Hat Blocks:

When Flag Clicked - When the flag is clicked, the block activates.
When () Key Pressed - When the specified key is pressed, the block activates.
When () Clicked - When the sprite is clicked, the block activates.
When I Receive () - When the broadcast is received, the block activates.

Scratch 1.4 has the following four Control Stack Blocks:

Wait () Secs - Pauses the script for the amount of time.
Broadcast () - Sends a broadcast throughout the Scratch program, activating When I Receive () blocks that are set to that broadcast.
Broadcast () and Wait - Likes the Broadcast () block, but pauses the script until all scripts activated by the broadcast are completed.
Wait Until () - Pauses the script until the condition is true.

Scratch 1.4 has the following four Control C Blocks:

Forever - A loop that will never end.
Repeat () - A loop that repeats for the specified amount.
Forever If () - A loop that will always check the condition - like putting an If () block inside a Forever block.
If () - Checks the condition - if the condition is true, the blocks inside it will activate.
If (), Else - Checks the condition - if the condition is true, the blocks inside the first C will activate, and if the condition is false, the blocks inside the second C will activate.
Repeat Until () - A loop that will stop once the condition is true.

Scratch 1.4 has the following two Control Cap Blocks:

Stop Script - Stops the script.
Stop All - Stops all scripts throughout the Scratch program. - Stops all scripts in all sprites (or the stage too).

2. Motion BlocksEdit

Scratch 1.4 has the following thirteen Motion Stack Blocks:

Move () Steps - Moves the sprite forward the amount of steps.
Turn () Degrees (Clockwise) - Turns the sprite (clockwise) the specified amount.
Turn () Degrees (Counter-clockwise) - Turns the sprite (counter-clockwise) the specified amount.
Point in Direction () - Points the sprite in the direction.
Point Towards () - Points the sprite towards the mouse-pointer or another sprite.
Go To X: () Y: () - Moves the sprite to the specified X and Y position.
Go To () - Moves the sprite to the mouse-pointer or another sprite.
Glide () Secs to X: () Y: () - Glides the sprite to the location, taking as long as the specified amount of time.
Change X by () - Changes the sprite's X position by the amount.
Set X to () - Sets the sprite's X position to the amount.
Change Y by () - Changes the sprite's Y position by the amount.
Set Y to () - Sets the sprite's Y position to the amount.
If on Edge, Bounce - If touching the edge of the screen, the sprite's direction flips over.

Scratch 1.4 has the following three Motion Reporter Blocks:

X Position - The X position of the sprite.
Y Position - The Y position of the sprite.
Direction - The direction of the sprite.

EXTRA: Motor BlocksEdit

Motor blocks are extra blocks, used with Lego WeDo Kit.

Scratch 1.4 has the following Motor Stack Blocks:

Motor On For () Secs - Turns the motor on for the specified amount of time.
Motor On - Turns the motor on.
Motor Off - Turns the motor off.
Motor Power () - Sets the motor's power to the amount.
Motor Direction () - Sets the motor's direction to the amount.

3. Looks BlocksEdit

Scratch 1.4 has the following fifteen Looks Stack Blocks:

Switch to Costume () - Changes the sprite's costume to the specified one.
Next Costume - Changes the sprite's costume to the next one in the costume list.
Say () for () Secs - A speech bubble appears over the sprite and stays for the specified amount of time.
Say () - A speech bubble appears over the sprite and will not go away over time.
Think () for () Secs - A thought bubble appears over the sprite and stays for the specified amount of time.
Think () - A thought bubble appears over the sprite and will not go away over time.
Change () Effect By () - Changes the specified effect by the amount.
Set () Effect To () - Sets the specified effect to the amount.
Clear Graphic Effects - Clears all graphic effects on the sprite.
Change Size By () - Changes the sprite's size by the amount.
Set Size To ()% - Sets the sprite's size to the amount.
Show - Shows the sprite. - Makes sprite appear on the stage.
Hide - Hides the sprite. - Sprite is invisible.
Go To Front - Puts a sprite in the front. (of other sprites.)
Go Back () Layers - Changes the sprite's layer value by the amount.

Scratch 1.4 has the following two Looks Reporter Blocks:

Costume/Background # - The number of the sprite's current costume in the list.
Size - The sprite's size.

4. Sound BlocksEdit

Scratch 1.4 has the following eleven Sound Stack Blocks:

Play Sound () - Plays a sound without pausing the script.
Play Sound () Until Done - Plays a sound and pauses the script until it finishes.
Stop All Sounds - Stops all playing sounds.
Play Drum () For () Beats - Plays the specified drum for the amount of beats.
Rest for () Beats - Pauses the script for the amount of time.
Play Note () For () Beats - Plays the note for the amount of beats.(0 to 127.)
Set Instrument to () - Sets the instrument to the specified one.(1 to 21.)
Change Volume By () - Changes the volume by the amount.
Set Volume To () - Sets the volume to the amount.
Change Tempo By () - Changes the tempo by the amount.
Set Tempo To () - Sets the tempo to the amount.

Scratch 1.4 has the following two Sound Reporter Blocks:

Volume - Reports the number for the volume.
Tempo - Reports the number for the tempo.

5. Pen BlocksEdit

Scratch 1.4 has the following eleven Pen Stack Blocks:

Clear - Removes all pen put on the screen.(or stamps.)
Pen Down - Puts the sprite's pen down.
Pen Up - Pulls the sprite's pen up.
Set Pen Color To [] - Sets the pen color to the specified color shown on the picture.
Change Pen Color By () - Changes the pen color by the amount.
Set Pen Color To () - Sets the pen color to the amount.
Change Pen Shade By () - Changes the pen shade by the amount.
Set Pen Shade To () - Sets the pen shade to the amount.
Change Pen Size By () - Changes the pen size by the amount.
Set Pen Size To () - Sets the pen size to the amount.
Stamp - Pens the sprite's image on the screen.

6. Sensing BlocksEdit

(Not Updated)Scratch 1.4 has the following two Sensing Stack Blocks:

Ask () And Wait - An input box appears - you type the answer in and input it.
Reset Timer - Resets the timer.

Scratch 1.4 has the following seven Sensing Boolean Blocks:

Touching ()? - The condition for checking if the sprite is touching the mouse-pointer or another sprite.
Touching Color ()? - The condition for checking if the sprite is touching a specific color.
Color () Is Touching ()? - The condition for checking if a color on the sprite is touching a specific color.
Mouse Down? - The condition for checking if the mouse is down.
Key () Pressed? - The condition for checking if the specified key is being pressed.
Loud? - The condition for checking if the speaker input is loud.
Sensor () - The condition for checking various input on a Sensor Board.

Scratch 1.4 has the following eight Sensing Reporter Blocks:

Answer - The most recent input with the Ask () And Wait block.
Mouse X - The mouse-pointer's X position.
Mouse Y - The mouse-pointer's Y position.
Distance To () - The distance from the sprite to the mouse-pointer or another sprite.
Timer - How much time has passed since the Scratch program was opened or the timer reset.
() Of () - The X position, Y position, direction, costume, size or volume of the Stage or a sprite.
Loudness - How loud the noise is that the speakers are sensing.
() Sensor Value - Various values for things with a Sensor Board - and other Scratch programs' variables with Mesh.

7. Operators BlocksEdit

Scratch 1.4 has the following six Operators Boolean Blocks:

[[() < () (block)|() < ()]] - The condition for checking if a value is less than the other.
() = () - The condition for checking if two values are equal.
[[() > () (block)|() > ()]] - The condition for checking if a value is greater than the other.
() And () - Joins two conditions.
() Or () - Joins two conditions, but they function separately.
Not () - Makes the condition checked if it is false, not true.

Scratch 1.4 has the following eleven Operators Reporter Blocks:

() + () - The value of the addition.
() - () - The value of the subtraction.
() * () - The value of the multiplication.
() / () - The value of the division.
Pick Random () To () - Picks a random number between the two limits.
Join ()() - The two values put right next to each other.
Letter () Of () - The specified character of the value.
Length of () - The length of the value.
() Mod () - The remainder of the division.
Round () - Rounds the value to the nearest whole number.
() Of () - The abs, sqrt, sin, cos, tan, asin, acos, atan, ln, log, e^ or 10^ of a specified value.

8. Variables BlocksEdit

Scratch 1.4 has the following eight Variables Stack Blocks:

Set () To () (Variable block) - Sets the specified variable to the amount.
Change () By () (Variable block) - Changes the specified variable by the amount.
Show Variable () (Variable block) - Shows the variable's Stage Monitor
Hide Variable () (Variable block) - Hides the variable's Stage Monitor.
Add () To () (List block) - Adds an item to the list (the item goes at the bottom of the list of items) with the specified content in it.
Delete () Of () (List block) - Deletes the item of the list.
Insert () At () Of () (List block) - Adds an item to the list (the item goes where you specify in the list of items) with the specified content in it.
Replace Item () Of () With () (List block) - Replaces the item's content with the specified content.

Scratch 1.4 has the following four Variables Reporter Blocks:

() (Variables) (Variables block) - The variable's value.
() (Lists) (List block) - The list's value.
Item () Of () (List block) - The item's value.
Length Of () (List block) - How many items there are in the specified list.

Scratch 1.4 has the following Variables Boolean Block:

() Contains () (List block) - The condition for checking if an item's content is the specified text.

v • d • e Blocks
Control Blocks	When Flag Clicked • When () Key Pressed • When () Clicked • Wait () Secs • Forever • Repeat () • Broadcast () • Broadcast () and Wait • When I Receive () • Forever If () • If () • If (), Else • Wait Until () • Repeat Until () • Stop Script • Stop All
Motion Blocks	Move () Steps • Turn () Degrees • Point in Direction () • Point Towards () • Go to X: () Y: () • Go to () • Glide () Secs to X: () Y: () • Change X by () • Set X to () • Change Y by () • Set Y to () • If on Edge, Bounce • X Position • Y Position • Direction
Looks Blocks	Switch to Costume () • Next Costume • Costume# • Say () For () Secs • Say () • Think () For () Secs • Think () • Change () Effect By () • Set () Effect To () • Clear Graphic Effects • Change Size By () • Set Size To () • Size (block) • Show • Hide • Go To Front • Go Back () Layers
Sensing Blocks	Touching ()? • Touching Color ()? • Color () is Touching ()? • Ask () and Wait • Answer • Mouse X • Mouse Y • Mouse Down? • Key () Pressed? • Distance to () • Reset Timer • Timer • () of () • Loudness • • () Sensor Value • Sensor ()
Sound Blocks	Start Sound () • Play Sound () Until Done • Stop All Sounds • Play Drum () For () Beats • Rest For () Beats • Play Note () For () Beats • Set Instrument To () • Change Volume By () • Set Volume To () • Volume • Change Tempo By () • Set Tempo To () • Tempo
Operators Blocks	() is less than () • () = () • () is greater than () • () and () • () or () • Not () • () + () • () - () • () * () • () / () • Pick random () to () • Join () () • Letter () of () • Length of () • () mod () • round () • () of ()
Pen Blocks	Clear • Pen down • Pen up • Set Pen Color to ( ) • Change Pen Color by () • Set Pen Color to () • Change Pen Shade by () • Set Pen Shade to () • Change Pen Size by () • Set Pen Size to () • Stamp
Variables Blocks	() (Variables Block) • Set () to () • Change () by () • Show Variable () • Hide Variable () • () (List Block) • Add () to () • Delete () of () • Insert () at () of () • Replace item () of () with () • Item () of () • Length of () • () contains ()

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